Bishop Berkeley in a Cybermall

An English bishop named George Berkeley in the late seventeenth century, postulated that there are no substances, or substrates.

Berkeley's position was this: there are minds, or souls on the one hand; and there are sensations, and ideas on the other. The former are selves, like you and me, and the latter are the entities known by selves - the so-called objects of knowledge.

In this way, all the objects in the world around us, are not physically there, just ideas that our minds process as being there. Berkeley meant it as a manifestation of God's will creating the world -as ideas in God's mind. However, modern-day efforts on VR can and do, make use of the same argument to postulate that there may be fundamentally no difference between so-called physical objects, and the ones created by simulation - both are simply experienced as sensory impulses to the brain.

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George Berkeley - the Bishop in the Cybermall
George Berkeley was an Anglo-Irish thinker and Anglican bishop. Born March 3, 1685, he was he first existantual philosopher to publish his views; views that pertain to modern virtual reality as much as they did his world. To be means to be perceived, or esse est percipi

Nightmares: The Bishop of Battle

Nightmares is one of those very cheesy made-for-TV movies, that exist on a shoestring budget, a wing, and a prayer. It is horror genre, and it came out in 1983. Consisting of four short stories, each of which possessed an incredible, somewhat unbelievable premise, the film has all but sunk to the bottom of the bargain bin since. However, the second of the four stories, ?the bishop of battle? is a noteworthy 80s attempt at a VR horror story, told in the days before VR was mainstream, so perhaps it does deserve a second look.

Podcast: Virtual Guantanamo
A short video report of research progress by the University of California at Berkeley, on illustrating human rights through the medium of VR, focusing on Gone Gitmo, a virtual installation of Guant?namo in Second Life.

The First Military RoboSuits: HULC
HULC, or Human Universal Load Carrier, is a product of Lockheed Martin, a US defence contractor. It is loosely based on a similar design from Berkeley Bionics of California, but with significant enhancements. It is still a long way from a practical robosuit of course, but is definitely on the right track:

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